A DNA ladder is a tool that helps researchers determine the size of DNA fragments. It consists of a series of DNA fragments with known sizes, usually ranging from 50 to 1,000 base pairs, that are run on an agarose gel alongside a sample of DNA. The sample DNA fragments will move through the gel based on their size, with smaller fragments moving faster than larger ones. By comparing the movement of the sample fragments to the movement of the known fragments on the ladder, researchers can estimate the size of the sample fragments. DNA ladders are often used in molecular biology techniques such as gel electrophoresis and Southern blotting and can be useful for DNA fingerprinting, gene mapping, and detecting genetic mutations. 100 bp DNA ladders, in particular, are used to measure fragments in the range of 100 base pairs and can help researchers identify and characterize specific DNA sequences and detect changes in DNA structure or function.
The 100bp DNA ladder consists of 13 double stranded DNA fragments that range from 100 to 3,000 bp in size. The amounts of the 500 bp, 1,000 bp and 2,000 bp fragments are adjusted so that greater intensities of these three fragments can serve as easy references in
an agarose gel.
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